About ID
Location
Indonesia is a country located in Southeast Asia, comprising a vast archipelago of islands between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia.
Capital
The capital city of Indonesia is Jakarta, which is located on the island of Java.
Population
Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world, with a population of over 270 million people.
Area
Indonesia covers a total land area of approximately 1.9 million square kilometers (about 735,000 square miles), making it the largest island country in the world.
Official Language
The official language of Indonesia is Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia).
Government
Indonesia is a unitary presidential constitutional republic with a multi-party system. The President of Indonesia is the head of state and government, and the country has a parliamentary system.
Religion
Indonesia is the world's most populous Muslim-majority country, with Islam being the dominant religion. However, it is also home to significant populations of Christians, Hindus, Buddhists, and other faiths.
Economy
Indonesia has a mixed economy with agriculture, manufacturing, and services sectors. It is the largest economy in Southeast Asia and is classified as a newly industrialized country. Key industries include palm oil, textiles, automotive, and tourism.
Culture
Indonesia has a diverse cultural heritage influenced by various ethnic groups, languages, and traditions. Traditional arts, music, dance, and cuisine vary across the archipelago.
Natural Resources
Indonesia is rich in natural resources, including oil, natural gas, coal, minerals, and forests. It is one of the world's leading producers of palm oil and a major exporter of liquefied natural gas.
Biodiversity
Indonesia is known for its incredible biodiversity, with vast rainforests, coral reefs, and unique wildlife. It is home to species such as orangutans, tigers, elephants, and thousands of bird species.
Tourism
Indonesia is a popular tourist destination known for its stunning landscapes, beaches, cultural sites, and outdoor activities such as hiking, diving, and surfing. Tourist attractions include Bali, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, and Komodo National Park.
National Items of Indonesia
Komodo Dragon
The Komodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis) is the national animal of Indonesia. Known for its impressive size and strength, it symbolizes the country's unique wildlife and natural heritage.
Javan Hawk-Eagle
The Javan Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus Bartelsi) is the national bird of Indonesia. It symbolizes the rich biodiversity of the country and is a symbol of freedom and conservation efforts.
Jasmine (Melati)
The Jasmine (Jasminum sambac), known as Melati, is the national flower of Indonesia. It symbolizes purity, sacredness, and simplicity and is often used in traditional ceremonies.
Teak Tree
The Teak Tree (Tectona grandis) is the national tree of Indonesia. Known for its durable wood, it represents strength, resilience, and the rich forestry resources of the country.
Nasi Goreng
Nasi Goreng, a traditional Indonesian fried rice dish, is considered a national dish. It represents the rich culinary traditions and diverse flavors of Indonesian cuisine.
Garuda
The Garuda is a mythical bird and the national emblem of Indonesia. It symbolizes strength, power, and the country's cultural heritage. The Garuda is also featured prominently on the national coat of arms.
Wayang (Shadow Puppetry)
Wayang is a traditional form of shadow puppetry in Indonesia. It symbolizes the rich cultural heritage, storytelling traditions, and artistic expressions of the country.
Angklung
The Angklung is a traditional musical instrument made from bamboo. It represents the musical heritage and cultural diversity of Indonesia and is recognized by UNESCO as an intangible cultural heritage.
Batik
Batik is a traditional Indonesian fabric known for its intricate patterns and dyeing techniques. It symbolizes the country's rich textile heritage and cultural identity.
Rafflesia Arnoldii
The Rafflesia Arnoldii is a parasitic plant known for producing the largest individual flower in the world. It symbolizes the unique and diverse flora of Indonesia.
Borobudur Temple
The Borobudur Temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most famous Buddhist temples in the world. It represents the rich historical and architectural heritage of Indonesia.
"Indonesia Raya" was composed by Wage Rudolf Supratman in 1928 and was adopted as the national anthem when Indonesia declared independence in 1945. It symbolizes the spirit of unity, patriotism, and national pride among the Indonesian people.
The national anthem of Indonesia is called "Indonesia Raya" in Indonesian, which translates to "Great Indonesia" in English. Here are the lyrics in Indonesian along with an English translation:
Indonesia, tanah airku,
Tanah tumpah darahku,
Di sanalah aku berdiri,
Jadi pandu ibuku.
Indonesia, kebangsaanku,
Bangsa dan tanah airku,
Marilah kita berseru,
Indonesia bersatu.
Hiduplah tanahku,
Hiduplah neg'riku,
Bangsaku, Rakyatku, semuanya.
Bangunlah jiwanya,
Bangunlah badannya,
Untuk Indonesia Raya.
