About SD
Location
Sudan is a country located in northeastern Africa, bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea, and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, and Libya to the northwest.
Capital
The capital city of Sudan is Khartoum.
Population
As of the latest estimates, Sudan has a population of approximately 45 million people, making it one of the most populous countries in Africa.
Area
Sudan is the third largest country in Africa by land area, covering approximately 1.88 million square kilometers (728,000 square miles).
Official Language
Arabic is the official language of Sudan. English is also widely used in government and education.
Government
Sudan is a federal republic with a transitional government structure. The country is undergoing a transition following the ousting of President Omar al-Bashir in April 2019, after which a transitional government was formed consisting of civilian and military representatives.
Independence
Sudan gained independence from joint British-Egyptian rule on January 1, 1956.
Currency
The currency of Sudan is the Sudanese pound (SDG).
Economy
Sudan's economy is primarily based on agriculture, with the Nile River and its tributaries supporting irrigated agriculture in the Nile Valley and the eastern region. Sudan is also rich in natural resources, including oil, minerals, and arable land. However, the economy faces challenges such as economic sanctions, political instability, and conflicts.
Natural Features
Sudan has a diverse landscape, including deserts, savannas, mountains, and the Nile River, which flows through the country from south to north. The Nile Valley and the Red Sea Hills are significant geographical features.
Culture
Sudan is home to a rich cultural heritage influenced by various ethnic groups and traditions. The culture is characterized by its Arab, African, and Islamic heritage. Traditional music, dance, and cuisine vary across different regions of the country.
Religion
Islam is the dominant religion in Sudan, with the majority of the population adhering to Sunni Islam. There are also Christian and indigenous African religious communities in the country.
Infrastructure
Sudan's infrastructure is generally underdeveloped, particularly in rural areas. The country faces challenges such as inadequate transportation networks, healthcare facilities, and access to clean water and sanitation.
International Relations
Sudan is a member of the United Nations and the African Union, among other international organizations. The country has historically faced challenges in its relations with neighboring countries and the international community due to conflicts, human rights issues, and sanctions.
Challenges
Sudan faces various challenges, including political instability, internal conflicts, economic hardship, poverty, and social issues such as gender inequality and access to basic services. Efforts are underway to address these challenges through political reforms, peacebuilding initiatives, and economic development programs.
The national anthem of Sudan is called "Nahnu Jund Allah Jund Al-watan" (نحن جند الله جند الوطن), which translates to "We are the Soldiers of God, the Soldiers of the Homeland" in English. Here are the lyrics in Arabic along with an English translation:
نحن جند الله جند الوطن إن دعا الدين للعلى نحن السد والماء والجبل نحن الثورة والعهد الجديد
نحن العزم الثابت والصفا سنحيي الإسلام دينا والعرب دمت حرية مطهرة عاشت لك السودان الجديد
We are the soldiers of God, the soldiers of the homeland If religion calls for elevation We are the dam, the water, and the mountain We are the revolution and the new covenant
We are the steadfast determination and loyalty We will revive Islam as a religion and the Arab May you remain purified freedom Long live the new Sudan
